Do Laser Hair Combs really help stop hair loss?
Hair loss is a prevalent issue affecting millions of individuals worldwide, prompting a continuous search for effective treatments. One of the emerging technologies in this field is the laser hair comb, which utilises low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to combat hair loss. This blog goes into the scientific principles behind laser hair combs, their effectiveness, and the evidence supporting their use.
Understanding Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) involves the use of red or near-infrared light to stimulate cellular activity. Unlike high-powered lasers used in surgery, LLLT does not heat or cut tissue but rather uses light to enhance cellular function. The primary mechanisms by which LLLT promotes hair growth include:
1. Stimulation of Follicular Activity
LLLT increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, leading to enhanced cell metabolism and proliferation in hair follicles (Avci et al., 2014).
2. Increased Blood Flow
Laser therapy improves blood flow to the scalp, providing hair follicles with essential nutrients and oxygen (Gold et al., 2009).
3. Reduction of Inflammation
LLLT has anti-inflammatory properties that help to maintain a healthy scalp environment conducive to hair growth (Hamblin, 2017).
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Efficacy of Laser Hair Combs
Numerous clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of laser hair combs in treating hair loss, particularly androgenetic alopecia (AGA), which is the most common form of hair loss.
A randomized, double-blind, sham device-controlled, multicentre trial published in the American Journal of Clinical Dermatology (2014) demonstrated that LLLT significantly improved hair density and thickness in both men and women with AGA. Participants using the laser comb experienced a 37% increase in hair growth compared to the placebo group (Leavitt et al., 2009).
A systematic review and meta-analysis published in the Journal of Dermatological Treatment (2017) concluded that LLLT is a safe and effective treatment for promoting hair growth in patients with androgenetic alopecia. The review analyzed multiple studies and found consistent evidence supporting the benefits of LLLT in hair regrowth (Adil & Godwin, 2017).
Finally, A study published in Lasers in Surgery and Medicine (2014) followed participants for a period of 26 weeks. Results indicated a significant increase in hair density and a reduction in hair thinning, highlighting the long-term benefits of LLLT (Jimenez et al., 2014).
How does it actually lead to Hair Growth
The exact mechanisms through which laser hair combs promote hair growth could involve several biological processes
Mitochondrial Stimulation
LLLT penetrates the scalp and is absorbed by the mitochondria in hair follicle cells, leading to increased ATP production. This energy boost stimulates the growth phase (anagen) of the hair cycle, resulting in thicker and healthier hair (Mester et al., 1967).
Angiogenesis
LLLT promotes the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) in the scalp, ensuring that hair follicles receive adequate blood supply and nutrients necessary for growth (Lanzafame et al., 2013).
Gene Expression
Studies suggest that LLLT can modulate the expression of genes related to hair growth and inflammation, promoting a favorable environment for hair regeneration (Lanzafame et al., 2013).
Practical Considerations and Usage
Frequency: For optimal results, laser hair combs should be used several times a week, with sessions typically lasting 10-20 minutes.
Technique: The comb should be moved slowly across the scalp, ensuring that the light reaches all affected areas.
Safety and Side Effects
LLLT is generally considered safe with minimal side effects. The most commonly reported adverse effects are mild scalp irritation and redness, which typically resolve quickly (Avci et al., 2014).
Individuals with photosensitivity disorders or those taking photosensitizing medications should consult a healthcare provider before using laser hair combs.
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Conclusion
Laser hair combs represent a promising, non-invasive option for individuals experiencing hair loss. The scientific evidence supports their efficacy in promoting hair growth, particularly in cases of androgenetic alopecia. With proper use and consistent application, laser hair combs can be an integral part of a comprehensive hair loss treatment regimen.
References
Adil, A., & Godwin, M. (2017). The effectiveness of treatments for androgenetic alopecia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 28(1), 55-65.
Avci, P., Gupta, A., Clark, J., Wikonkal, N., & Hamblin, M. R. (2014). Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) for treatment of hair loss. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 46(2), 144-151.
Gold, M. H., Biron, J. A., Landau, J. M., & Smith, S. (2009). Clinical efficacy of low-level laser treatments for androgenetic alopecia. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 11(2), 119-125.
Hamblin, M. R. (2017). Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation. AIMS Biophysics, 4(3), 337-361.
Jimenez, J. J., Wikramanayake, T. C., Bergfeld, W., Hordinsky, M., & Hickman, J. G. (2014). Efficacy and safety of a low-level laser device in the treatment of male and female pattern hair loss: A multicenter, randomized, sham device-controlled, double-blind study. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 46(5), 414-427.
Lanzafame, R. J., Blanche, R. R., Bodian, A. B., Chiacchierini, R. P., Fernandez-Obregon, A., & Kazmirek, E. R. (2013). The growth of human scalp hair mediated by visible red light laser and LED sources in males. *Lasers in Surgery and Medicine*, 45(8), 487-495.
Leavitt, M., Charles, G., Heyman, E., Michaels, D., & Makin, I. R. (2009). HairMax LaserComb laser phototherapy device in the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia: A randomized, double-blind, sham device-controlled, multicentre trial. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 10(5), 329-336.
Mester, E., Szende, B., & Tota, J. G. (1967). The effect of laser beams on the growth of hair in mice. Radiobiology and Radiotherapy, 9(5), 621-626.
